Peluso et al. (2026)
- Authors: Michael J. Peluso, Dylan Ryder, Thomas Dalhuisen, Danny Hoi Tsun Chu, Meghann C. Williams, Antonio E. Rodriguez, Brian LaFranchi, Amelia N. Deitchman, Timothy J. Henrich, Steven G. Deeks
- Institutes: University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA, PolyBio Research Foundation, Mercer Island, WA, USA
- Publisher: medRxiv
- Link: DOI
Summary
This trial demonstrated that a single dose of monoclonal antibodies was safe but did not lead to broad clinical improvement in a general Long COVID population. However, it identified a specific subgroup with lower baseline immunity that might benefit, providing a roadmap for more targeted future research into viral persistence.
What was researched?
This study investigated whether a single infusion of the monoclonal antibody AER002 💊 could improve symptoms and quality of life in individuals suffering from Long COVID.
Why was it researched?
The research was based on the hypothesis that lingering fragments or whole particles of the SARS-CoV-2 virus persist in the body, continuously triggering symptoms.
How was it researched?
In this phase 2a trial, 36 participants were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive either AER002 or a placebo. Outcomes were measured over 360 days using standardized health surveys, cognitive tests, and various biological markers from blood and tissue samples.
What has been found?
The study found no significant difference between the treatment and placebo groups in physical health or cognitive function at the 90-day primary endpoint. However, a post-hoc analysis revealed that patients with lower natural antibody levels and higher drug exposure reported a greater perceived benefit.
Discussion
The trial’s small size and broad inclusion criteria may have limited the ability to detect efficacy. Additionally, the placebo group had higher baseline antibody levels, which predicted improvement and may have masked the drug’s effects.
Conclusion & Future Work
While AER002 did not meet the primary endpoint, the study confirms the safety of monoclonal antibodies in Long COVID patients. Future research should prioritize participants with lower baseline immunity or those in the earlier stages of the illness.